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Database · Schema Design · 2 articles
TopicsAllDatabaseReal ProblemsAWSSystem Design
DatabaseAll in sectionSchema DesignQuery OptimizationPicking the Right DBClickHouse
DatabaseSchema Design·14 min read

UUID v4 vs UUID v7 vs Snowflake — Pick the Right Primary Key

A plain-English walkthrough: how B-tree inserts actually work, what a page split costs, why random UUID v4 keys bloat the index by 2× and blow the buffer pool. For each ID — UUID v4, Snowflake, UUID v7, AUTO_INCREMENT — what it is, why people pick it, what breaks. Real MySQL benchmark at 10M rows, Postgres differences, and a dual-write migration that works.

DatabaseMySQLPostgreSQLSchema DesignRead →

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Database·Schema Design

Stop Using DELETE in Production: Hard Delete vs Soft Delete in High-Concurrency Systems

Why DELETE is the most expensive DML operation in a relational database — and why a simple UPDATE SET deleted_at = NOW() is 4-8x faster under concurrent load. With InnoDB internals, B-tree diagrams, and benchmark numbers.

MySQLPostgreSQLPerformance12 min read·
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